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Description
The China Spallation Neutron Source (CSNS) achieved its first neutron production in August 2017 and currently operates at an average beam power of 185 kW. During operation, experimental measurements have been performed to the three neutron moderators, and the results have validated the reliability of the Target-Moderator-Reflector (TMR) physical design. Owing to the outstanding operational achievements of the CSNS-I and the steadily increasing user demand, the Phase II project, CSNS-II, was initiated in January 2024 and is scheduled for completion in 2029. This paper firstly presents the measured TMR neutronics performance of the CSNS-I target station. Subsequently, it details the core parameters of the TMR of the CSNS-II, along with an analysis of the simulated neutron performance by Monte Carlo code. The paper also displays the irradiation damage calculations and lifetime estimation of the key components, the thermal deposition characteristics and heat transfer structure analysis of the TMR, and the results of abnormal condition simulations. A project investigating material irradiation effects based on the spallation target is currently underway; accordingly, it also reports on the irradiation conditions, the radiation environment, DPA rate and hydrogen/helium yields for various samples.